From hair restoration treatments and facial serums to massage lotions and anti-aging products, carrier oils are the foundation of every beauty product. If you’re just getting started with essential oils and looking for ways to create your own gorgeous beauty products, then chances are you’ve come across the terms “carrier oil” and “base” more than a few times. But what are they? Why do we need them, and which ones are right for our skin? We’ll answer all of these questions in this comprehensive guide to some of the most popular carrier oils.

Carrier oils are of plant origin (the kernel or seed), and are used as a base in a mixture, cream or lotion that dilutes essential oils to provide a better consistency for massage or aromatherapy. Examples include coconut, almond, avocado or argan oil . The term “carrier” means that the oil is mixed with the essential oil, providing the function of transporting the essential oil through the skin. We must know that essential oils are volatile and evaporate quickly after application. But when mixed with a vegetable oil, the skin can absorb them better, and their benefits are not lost.

As we know, essential oils should always be diluted with carrier oils (bases). Choosing the right carrier oil is just as important as choosing the essential oil, as carrier oils have their own characteristics and therapeutic benefits that affect the complexion and health of the skin. You should also know that to properly use a carrier oil for your skin, you should always apply it on a damp base. Never apply a carrier oil to dry skin, as you can achieve the opposite effect of overdrying it.

How to use popular carrier oils on the skin

Body massage oils are made by combining essential oils with one or more carrier oils. It is important to follow the guidelines for the appropriate ratio of essential oils to base oils. For a detailed description of dilution methods, see our article on safe dilution here.

The National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy (NAHA) recommends that when creating body massage oils, essential oils be diluted from 2,5% to 10%. For treatments and other home-made facial products, the dilution ratio of essential oils to carrier oils is lower. Those of you with sensitive skin should use 0,5% to 1% essential oils in facial treatments, while those with normal skin sensitivity can use 1% to 2,5%.

In this article, we look at the profiles of some of the most popular carrier oils and their beneficial properties.

Shea butter

Comedogenic index 0-2 | Dry, very cracked skin, sensitive skin, mature skin | Moderate skin absorption

Its name means “life” and is considered sacred. Shea butter, also known as Karite butter, can only grow in the wild and cannot be cultivated. It is obtained from the nuts of the Vitellaria paradoxa tree, which grows in the regions of West and Central Africa. It is also used as an edible fat in the cooking of many African countries. Its composition of oleic acid (which is 40–60%), stearic, linoleic, and other types of saturated fatty acids makes it one of the best natural skin care products. It is the deficiency of these substances that is the cause of dry skin and hair.

Shea butter is one of the most powerful nourishing oils. Its action is not only on the surface, but also in depth, regulating lipid synthesis. It also helps to retain moisture and thus comprehensively improves the overall hydrobalance. Nourishes extremely dry and rough skin, chapped lips, hands and feet, is widely used to relieve various skin diseases, including eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis. It can also be used to prevent the appearance of stretch marks on the skin during pregnancy or during rapid weight gain and weight loss.

In hair care, shea butter can be used for dry hair, dry scalp or dandruff. Shea butter melts at body temperature and absorbs quickly into the skin without leaving an oily film.

Coconut oil

Comedogenic index 4 | Dry, very cracked skin, sensitive skin, mature skin | Slow absorption from the skin

The most popular base for home cosmetics. Coconut oil is a vegetable fat extracted from the copra – the kernel of the coconut. In the tropics, it is the main fat that enters the daily menu of millions of people. There are different ways in which coconut oil is extracted, but the cold pressing method is more gentle, which allows all its beneficial properties to be preserved. Coconut oil is also widely used in the production of soaps due to its strong antibacterial and antifungal properties.

In its liquid form, it is known as fractionated coconut oil – in the MaKaSa store you can find the American brand Plant Therapy. It is colorless, odorless and retains its liquid form at all temperatures. It is absorbed very quickly by the skin, making it ideal for use with any essential oil or other cosmetic mixture. This wonderful base oil deeply moisturizes the skin, can be used to remove makeup or to keep hair shiny and smooth.

Due to its high comedogenic index, coconut oil is not suitable for use on the skin alone. That's why those of you with oily and acne-prone skin shouldn't use it in your routine, and you shouldn't wash your face if you remove your makeup with coconut oil. You can combine it with karite or argan oil in a ratio of 30 to 70%. The oil is easy to use, a great base for massage with your favorite essential oils!

Mango butter

Comedogenic index 2 | Normal, dry and sensitive skin, mature skin | Moderate skin absorption

It is produced from mango seeds. Mango oil is a universal product. It nourishes dry skin and actively restores it. It provides optimal care for various skin problems such as eczema, dermatitis, sunburn. Its unique properties are especially appreciated by people suffering from allergies. The oil relieves itching after insect bites and effectively prevents the formation of stretch marks during pregnancy.

Thanks to the abundance of nutrients, this exceptional natural product is also an excellent anti-aging care, also suitable for small wounds and as a regenerating massage oil for muscle strain. Gorgeous, creamy and soft. The product has a delicate, creamy color and a light, fresh and sweet aroma. Mango butter is not only rich in stearic acid, but also makes the skin very soft and deeply hydrates it. Restores the skin and maintains its elasticity.

Biopark Mango Oil is a pure natural product, so its texture may appear "crumbly". This sometimes happens during the cooling process and is due to the crystallization of the stearic acid contained in it. This is the same natural process found in honey. It is important to note that this is not an indication of product quality! By melting (in a water bath) and slowly cooling to room temperature, this situation can be resolved. Stir gently while cooling. It is suitable for any skin type, for irritated, mature, sensitive or dry skin.

Cocoa butter

Comedogenic index 4 | Normal, dry, mature skin | Slow absorption from the skin

Cocoa butter has many uses, but one of its most popular is the amazing sun tan we get in the summer when we apply it to our body skin. Organic cocoa butter is a by-product of the cocoa production process and is extracted from the fat released during the pressing of ground cocoa nibs. The butter has a noticeable nutty aroma of cocoa and a pale yellow color. It is used not only in the production of sweet chocolate, but also in cosmetics and medicine. It is effective in preventing the appearance of stretch marks. Cocoa butter is a popular ingredient in the treatment of cellulite. Lotions and oils containing cocoa butter are often used in aromatherapy massages to create a sense of relaxation and good mood.

The consistency of cocoa butter is naturally hard. For easier application, you can melt in a water bath and use on slightly damp skin. Helps to smooth and reduce stretch marks. It deeply nourishes and leaves the skin soft and smooth. Its healing properties include softening the skin and maintaining its elasticity. Due to its high comedogenic index, cocoa butter is not suitable for applying to the skin of the face. It is ideal for nourishing, moisturizing and toning the skin of the body. Suitable for use, both alone and in combination with essential and vegetable oils, such as argan, castor, jojoba, etc.

Popular base oils with a liquid consistency

Argan oil

Comedogenic index 0 | Normal, oily, combination, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Fast absorption from the skin

The liquid gold of Morocco! Brilliant for skincare, argan oil offers a host of restorative benefits, including helping to fade scars, relieve acne and smooth and soften skin. Argan oil is full of beneficial fatty acids, vitamins and minerals, a great moisturizer that won't clog your pores and is easily absorbed.

Argan oil is popular in gastronomy for its rich taste, wonderful aroma and many health benefits. The culinary version is usually lightly toasted and similar to other nut butters, such as sesame and hazelnut. The cosmetic version is usually lighter in color with a milder scent and has been used for centuries for natural skin and hair care. Argan oil is full of vitamins A, E and C, antioxidants and omega-6 fatty acids, which are essential for healthy skin and hair and are used to protect against environmental damage and premature aging.

Argan oil is produced from the nuts that grow on argan trees. The antioxidant activity in argan oil helps protect the skin against free radical damage caused by the sun. Prevents burns and hyperpigmentation. It has exceptional anti-inflammatory properties, a wonderful oil for anyone looking to moisturize their oil-prone skin. But remember, always apply any carrier oil to damp skin! Some of its most popular beneficial properties

Extremely moisturizing oil – largely due to its abundance of vitamin E, which is a fat-soluble antioxidant that can help improve water retention in the skin.
Soothes Atopic Dermatitis – Atopic dermatitis is a common skin condition characterized by itchy, red skin. Studies[1] have found that topical application of argan oil to the affected area can help treat symptoms. Vitamin E and the natural anti-inflammatory properties found in argan oil may contribute to this soothing effect.
Soothes acne, has anti-inflammatory properties
Improves wound healing and treats skin infections – the oil has both antibacterial and fungicidal properties. This allows it to help treat and prevent both bacterial and fungal skin infections. The powerful combination of antioxidants and vitamin E help wounds and cuts heal faster.
Regulates sebum secretion – helps reduce sebum and reduces overall oiliness of the skin. Always apply argan oil to damp skin, after a bath or pre-sprayed with floral water (e.g. lavender)

With a light, nutty scent, argan oil finds use in everything from antiaging creams, to shampoos and aftershaves, a great all-purpose oil with a long shelf life.

Almond oil

Comedogenic index 2 | Normal, oily, combination, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Fast absorption from the skin

It is produced without heating, by grinding almonds to a creamy, smooth paste. The oil is hypoallergenic, deeply moisturizes, softens the skin and is rich in minerals, antioxidants and vitamins. The lack of heat during its production preserves all the nutrients of the almonds. Almond oil forms a protective barrier on the skin and is suitable for rough and cracked skin. It is rich in monounsaturated fats, calcium, potassium, iron and manganese. It contains vitamin B, phosphorus and copper and provides an excellent source of vitamin E. It can be used alone or in combination with other products. A few drops of essential oil give it a wonderful aroma. Almond oil absorbs quickly and has exceptional soothing and emollient properties. Deeply hydrates, evens the complexion, corrects pigmentation, removes dark circles under the eyes and protects from the sun's harmful rays.

The high content of vitamins A and E promotes skin hydration and helps to clean pores. If you have problematic skin and use almond oil in your home cosmetics, you will certainly improve the overall condition of your skin with fewer spots, blackheads and pimples. It is suitable for all skin types, as it promotes cell renewal and removes dead cells.

The oil has a warming effect and is preferred for body massage. When used for massage purposes, it helps with poor blood circulation and muscle tightening from turnips. Massages with almond oil are also recommended during pregnancy, after childbirth, in case of sudden weight gain or weight loss, against stretch marks and cellulite.

In the MaKaSa store, we can offer you many variants of its liquid form, according to your budget, preferences or simply because you adore all the products of the given brand:

Primavera Life Organic Sweet Almond Oil - Sweet Almond is a very popular, versatile carrier oil. Add in your favorite essential oils to make your own massage oil.
Alteya Cosmetics organic almond oil - extracted by cold pressing the nut of the fruit of the Prunus Dulcis plant. Almond vegetable oil is obtained from two types of almond tree - sweet and bitter almond, and only the first is used for therapy. Nuts contain about 50% oil. The oil is transparent, pale yellow, almost odorless.
Ikarov Organic Almond Oil – a natural emollient that retains moisture in the skin and makes it soft and gentle. Absorbs quickly without leaving a trace. It is also suitable for sensitive skin. Nourishes hair roots, stimulates growth, enhances shine and flexibility of hair.
Zoya Goes Pretty Almond Oil - has a beneficial effect on both skin and hair. It softens and is very suitable for long massages of the whole body. Stimulates growth, gives density and shine to hair and deeply hydrates dry hair.
Plant Therapy Sweet Almond Oil - luxurious skin care, also suitable as a base oil for aromatherapy blends with essential oils. Also useful for bath or massage; an excellent addition to lotions, sugar scrubs or salt scrubs and conditioners.
TISSERAND Sweet Almond Oil – absorbs easily and is ideal for delicate skin. Recommended for all skin types, especially dry, for massage and as a daily moisturizer.

Jojoba oil

Comedogenic index 2 | Normal, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Moderate skin absorption

Jojoba (golden) is a favorite base "oil" of many of us. In fact, in its structure, it is not exactly an oil, but a liquid wax. It is very similar to the natural sebum that our skin produces. It is extremely rich in vitamin E. Because it is high in antioxidants, when added to other carrier oils, it can help slow oxidation. The oil is a very popular ingredient in the cosmetic and aromatherapy industry for its excellent skin care properties. All Ikarov oils are 100% natural, enriched with natural antioxidants. They are suitable for day and night care, and the aromas in them are due to natural essential oils.

A few tips on how to use at home:

As a skin moisturizer, in the morning on damp skin, spread two drops all over the face. After its complete absorption, you can also apply a face cream/serum.
You can remove makeup with jojoba oil to promote overall skin health. In addition, the oil has a low comedogenic index, and there is no danger of clogging pores. But note that it is not suitable for oily and combination skin.
Use a few drops to moisturize and nourish hair.
Helps restore hair and dry scalp, just add to your hair care products.
Use to soothe skin after overdoing the sun. Relieves redness.
Pat gently around the eye area to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Rosehip oil

Comedogenic index 1 | Normal, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Moderate skin absorption

For many people, rosehip oil is the favorite base oil because it is amazing for dry and mature skin – it moisturizes, restores and brightens the complexion. Rosehip seed oil is rich in linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids, as well as vitamins A and E, making it a great addition to creams and other topical treatments for eczema, stretch marks and especially in anti-aging skin products. Rosehip oil contains a high amount of vitamin E, vitamin A and essential fatty acids that promote collagen and elastin levels and support cell regeneration. Key ingredient in creams, lotions, massage oils, face serums. It is best combined with other base oils in a concentration of 5 to 10%. It has a bright orange-red color that can discolor the mixtures you prepare. In high concentrations, rosehip oil can worsen the condition of oily skin, so be careful when preparing homemade anti-aging cosmetics.

Rosehip oil is a great natural alternative to moisturizer for the skin. It is rich in nourishing fatty acids, which, along with water, are the main ingredient in most creams. The ingredients in the oil allow it to treat signs of aging and pigmentation, hydrate the skin and repair damaged skin, providing a strong, protective, antioxidant boost. The astringent properties of rosehip oil help tighten pores and brighten your skin. Start with a small amount in your daily routine: pat a few drops onto cleansed skin, in the evening, before bed.

We recommend combining it with a drop or two of immortelle essential oil, a wonderful anti-aging oil serum for evening skin care. Always apply to damp skin, with light patting movements. Rosehip oil is high in vitamin A, so be careful if you use products with retinoids.

Camellia seed oil

Comedogenic index 1 | Dry, sensitive, mature skin | Fast absorption from the skin

Camellia oil (also called "tea seed oil") is native to Japan and has been used in the past for both skin and hair care. The oil of ageless geishas in Japanese culture, the hidden beauty secret. It is extracted from the seeds of the camellia flowers, or the tsubaki flower as it is called in Japan. Coco Chanel was a big fan of the camellia flower and used it in many of her designs as it is a symbol of longevity and purity.

Camellia Seed Oil protects the skin from free radical damage, has anti-aging properties beneficial for mature skin and helps nourish the complexion. It is easily absorbed, leaving the skin silky smooth, without a greasy film, making Camellia Seed Oil one of the best kept secrets in the cosmetics industry. The base oil can be used alone, but is often combined with other carrier oils. It contains many antioxidants that help revitalize and rejuvenate hair and skin.

One of the most notable benefits of camellia seed oil is its exceptional moisturizing properties. This oil is rich in vitamins A, B, C, D and E, which nourish your skin to give it a velvety softness. Camellia seed oil has a molecular structure similar to sebum, the skin’s natural oil, ensuring significantly better and faster absorption into the deeper layers of the epidermis. Another benefit of camellia seed oil is that it is loaded with skin-perfecting nutrients that help maintain the skin’s youthful glow. It fights the first signs of aging. It contains a very high percentage of beneficial fatty acids, such as Omega-3 and 6, oleic acid (similar to that of olive oil). It is also an important source of plant collagen and squalene, which hydrates and protects the skin. Squalene production tends to decrease as we age, making us more prone to hyperpigmentation, irritation, and other annoying skin conditions.

When applied externally, camellia seed oil helps form a barrier that locks in moisture, keeping your skin smooth and hydrated throughout the day. A wonderful oil to preserve and restore the radiant shine of the hair!

Grape seed oil

Comedogenic index 1-2 | Normal, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Fast absorption from the skin

Grapeseed oil is one of the lightest and easiest to apply carrier oils, and it’s also fragrance-free. The versatile oil is rich in essential fatty acids and has a rich, silky texture that’s perfect for soothing dryness and irritation. Grapeseed oil has mild antiseptic properties, making it great for combination skin as well.

Grapeseed oil is rich in many other great compounds: beta-carotene, vitamins D, C, E, and polyphenols. These compounds have powerful antioxidant properties that can prevent your skin from absorbing the full damage of UV rays or other environmental aggressors. It contains a powerful antioxidant compound called proanthocyanidin. With regular use, this antioxidant can even out skin tone. Grapeseed oil penetrates the skin quickly and does not leave a greasy residue. To use grapeseed oil on your face, massage a few drops into clean, damp skin at night. You can repeat the process in the morning if you wish.

Mix 1 tablespoon each of grape seed oil and rosehip oil, add 1 drop of geranium essential oil and enjoy your anti-aging serum. You can also use it as a natural moisturizing facial serum.

Hemp seed oil/hemp

Comedogenic index 0 | Normal, oily, combination, dry, sensitive, mature skin | Fast absorption from the skin

A great base oil for all skin types! Hemp oil can be applied topically as a moisturizer or used as a base for essential oil blends. It contains a unique combination of Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids, which are very important for healthy skin, hair and scalp. It is also rich in vitamin D, proteins and other vitamins. An excellent moisturizer for the skin, as it is easily absorbed and contributes significantly to the prevention of moisture loss. Hemp oil is a perfect food for the skin, because it is rich in beneficial substances, essential fatty acids and antioxidants, which makes it an ideal base oil for massage and healing procedures. Its regular use will significantly improve the appearance of the skin.

Hemp oil is produced by cold pressing the ripe seeds of industrially grown hemp plants of the species Cannabis stativa . These plants contain less than 0,3% of the substance tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive compound found in large quantities in marijuana. The health benefits of hemp seed oil are extensive. It has been shown to be extremely beneficial for the skin, nails, and hair, as well as helping with inflammation, cardiovascular health, pain relief, and muscle tension.

Hemp oil can help relieve and treat skin problems such as inflammation, acne, rosacea, psoriasis, various dermatitis and eczema. This is mainly due to its essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including a 1:3 ratio of Omega-3 and Omega-6. However, hemp oil should not be confused with CBD oil, which has the full spectrum of the plant matter with additional beneficial compounds. The oil also strengthens the skin and increases its ability to resist viral, fungal and bacterial infections.

Hemp oil contains gamma-linoleic acid (GLA), which is needed to synthesize prostaglandins, hormone-like compounds that contribute to many body functions. As scientists have found, supplementing with GLA can improve hormone health and reduce symptoms associated with PMS, such as menstrual cramps.

Conclusion

Base oils are the foundation of home and professional natural cosmetics – from thick oils like shea and coconut to liquid ones like jojoba, argan and rosehip. Choose an oil according to your skin type and the purpose of the care, and for sensitive skin, do a tolerance test.

The information in this article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.